Common protein feed for fish farming

  Protein feed is particularly important for fish farming. Because fish require a high protein content in their feed, ranging from 30% to 50%. So the insufficient protein content in the feed has a significant impact on the growth of fish. At present, the widely used protein feed in production includes plant-based cakes - by-products of oil extraction through machine pressing processes, and plant-based meals - by-products of oil processing through extraction processes. In general, the feeding value of meal is better than that of cake. In addition, animal protein feed (such as fish meal, meat and bone meal, fermented blood meal, etc.) is also widely used.
Bean cake (meal)
It belongs to plant-based protein feed, with a protein content of about 42%. It is a type of cake (meal) with good protein quality and high utilization rate, containing rich amino acids, especially high levels of lysine and arginine required by fish. When using, adding an appropriate amount of synthetic amino acids (mainly methionine) can achieve good results, and can reduce the amount of fish meal used to reduce feed costs.
Raw soybean cakes contain harmful substances such as anti trypsin and saponins, which can be destroyed by appropriate heating. But when heating, the temperature should be appropriate, usually below 140 ℃ to 150 ℃ for 2 minutes and 30 seconds. If the temperature is too high, it will also reduce the utilization rate of amino acids in soybean cakes. In oil and fat processing, there are two types of processes: primary leaching and secondary leaching. Generally, primary leaching is better than secondary leaching.
When purchasing soybean meal from the market, attention should be paid to the moisture content, impurity content, and the ripeness of soybean meal. Its ripeness can be preliminarily judged by color and odor. Moderately heated soybean meal has a tempting aroma and a yellow orange color. Accurate judgment should be detected through chemical analysis.
csm
It also belongs to plant-based protein feed. The protein content is influenced by the oil processing technology and shelling conditions. The protein content of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal after shelling and oil extraction is similar to that of soybean meal, but their utilization rate is lower than that of soybean meal.
The gossypol in cottonseed cakes is toxic to animals, and although fish are less sensitive to gossypol than pigs and chickens, they are also more susceptible to toxicity. The use of cottonseed meal in feed can be detoxified through physical or chemical methods (the most effective method is ferrous sulfate method), limited feeding (controlled within 8% -10% of the feed), intermittent feeding (stopped for 2-3 days after 7 days), or combined use to reduce or eliminate the toxicity of gossypol.
Rapeseed cake
Rapeseed meal contains various toxic components, mainly derived from glucoside (which can be decomposed into toxic substances). There are currently detoxifying agents for rapeseed meal on the market.
Sesame cake, peanut cake
In addition to the above-mentioned meal, sesame cakes, peanut cakes, etc. can also be used as sources of plant-based protein in fish feed.